奇特重现模板模式
来自cppreference.com
奇特重现模板模式(Curiously Recurring Template Pattern, CRTP)是一种惯用手法。其中类 X
从接收模板形参 Z
的类模板 Y
派生,并且以 Z = X 实例化 Y
。例如:
template<class Z>class Y {}; class X :public Y<X>{};
[编辑]示例
CRTP 可用于在基类暴露接口而派生类实现该接口时实现“编译期多态”。
运行此代码
#include <cstdio> #ifndef __cpp_explicit_this_parameter // 传统语法 template<class Derived>struct Base {void name(){(static_cast<Derived*>(this))->impl();}protected: Base()=default;// 禁止创建 Base 对象,这是 UB};struct D1 :public Base<D1>{void impl(){std::puts("D1::impl()");}};struct D2 :public Base<D2>{void impl(){std::puts("D2::impl()");}}; #else // C++23 的推导 this 语法 struct Base {void name(this auto&& self){ self.impl();}};struct D1 :public Base {void impl(){std::puts("D1::impl()");}};struct D2 :public Base {void impl(){std::puts("D2::impl()");}}; #endif int main(){ D1 d1; d1.name(); D2 d2; d2.name();}
输出:
D1::impl() D2::impl()
[编辑]参阅
显式对象成员函数(推导 this )(C++23) | |
(C++11) | 允许对象创建指代自身的 shared_ptr (类模板) |
(C++20) | 用于定义 view 的辅助类模板,使用奇特重现模板模式(类模板) |
[编辑]外部链接
1. | Replace CRTP with concepts? — Sandor Drago's blog |
2. | The Curiously Recurring Template Pattern (CRTP) — Sandor Drago's blog |
3. | The Curiously Recurring Template Pattern (CRTP) - 1 — Fluent{C++} |
4. | What the CRTP can bring to your code - 2 — Fluent{C++} |
5. | An implementation helper for the CRTP - 3 — Fluent{C++} |
6. | What is the Curiously Recurring Template Pattern (CRTP) — SO |