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    value initialization

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    Initialization
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    Bietet die Standard-Ausgangswert zu einem neuen Objekt .
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    Provides the default initial value to a new object.
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    Inhaltsverzeichnis

    [Bearbeiten]Syntax

    Tobject{}; (1) (seit C++11)
    T();

    T{};

    		 (2)
    (seit C++11)
    new T();

    new T{};

    		 (3)
    (seit C++11)

    [Bearbeiten]Erklärung

    Wert der Initialisierung wird in drei Situationen ausgeführt:
    Original:
    Value initialization is performed in three situations:
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    1)
    wenn eine benannte Variable (automatische, statische oder threadlokale) mit der Initialisierung aus einem Paar von Streben erklärt. (seit C++11)
    Original:
    when a named variable (automatic, static, or thread-local) is declared with the initializer consisting of a pair of braces. (seit C++11)
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    2)
    wenn ein namenloses temporäres Objekt wird mit der Initialisierung, bestehend aus ein leeres Paar Klammern zu erstellt .
    Original:
    when a nameless temporary object is created with the initializer consisting of an empty pair of parentheses or braces.
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    3)
    wenn ein Objekt mit dynamischen Lagerdauer wird durch einen neuen Ausdruck mit der Initialisierung, bestehend aus ein leeres Paar Klammern zu erstellt .
    Original:
    when an object with dynamic storage duration is created by a new-expression with the initializer consisting of an empty pair of parentheses or braces.
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    Die Auswirkungen der Wert der Initialisierung sind:
    Original:
    The effects of value initialization are:
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    • Wenn eine Klasse T Typs mit mindestens einer vom Benutzer bereitgestellten Konstruktor jeglicher Art ist, wird das Standardkonstruktor genannt .
      Original:
      If T is a class type with at least one user-provided constructor of any kind, the Standardkonstruktor is called.
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    • Wenn T ein nicht gewerkschaftlich Klasse Typ ohne Benutzer bereitgestellten Konstruktoren ist, dann ist das Objekt Null initialisiert und dann die implizit deklariert Standardkonstruktor aufgerufen wird (es sei denn, es trivial ist)
      Original:
      If T is an non-union class type without any user-provided constructors, then the object is Null initialisiert and then the implicitly-declared default constructor is called (unless it's trivial)
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    • Wenn T ein Array-Typ ist, jedes Element des Feldes Wert initialisiert
      Original:
      If T is an array type, each element of the array is value-initialized
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    • Andernfalls besteht die Aufgabe Null initialisiert .
      Original:
      Otherwise, the object is zero-initialized.
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    [Bearbeiten]Notes

    Die Syntax T object(); ​​nicht initialisiert ein Objekt, es erklärt, eine Funktion, die keine Argumente und gibt T dauert. Der Weg zum Value-Initialisierung eine benannte Variable vor C + 11 war T object = T();, welcher Wert initialisiert eine temporäre und dann copy-initialisiert das Objekt: die meisten Compiler optimiert die Kopie in diesem Fall .
    Original:
    The syntax T object(); does not initialize an object; it declares a function that takes no arguments and returns T. The way to value-initialize a named variable before C++11 was T object = T();, which value-initializes a temporary and then copy-initializes the object: most compilers optimize out the copy in this case.
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    Referenzen dürfen nicht Wert initialisiert .
    Original:
    References cannot be value-initialized.
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    Alle Standard-Containern (std::vector, std::list, etc) Wert initialisieren ihre Elemente, wenn sie mit einem einzigen size_type Argument oder wenn gewachsen durch einen Aufruf resize() gebaut .
    Original:
    All standard containers (std::vector, std::list, etc) value-initialize their elements when constructed with a single size_type argument or when grown by a call to resize().
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    [Bearbeiten]Beispiel

    #include <string>#include <vector>#include <iostream>   struct T1 {int mem1;std::string mem2;};// no constructorsstruct T2 {int mem1;std::string mem2; T2(const T2&){}// a constructor, but no default};struct T3 {int mem1;std::string mem2; T3(){}// user-provided default ctor};   std::string s{};// calls default ctor, the value is "" (empty string)int main(){int n{};// non-class value-initialization, value is 0double f =double();// non-class value-init, value is 0.0int* a = new int[10]();// array of 10 zeroes   T1 t1{};// no ctors: zero-initialized// t1.mem1 is zero-initialized// t1.mem2 is default-initialized// T2 t2{}; // error: has a ctor, but no default ctor T3 t3{};// user-defined default ctor:// t3.mem1 is default-initialized (the value is indeterminate)// t3.mem2 is default-initialized   std::vector<int> v(3);// value-initializes three ints   std::cout<< s.size()<<' '<< n <<' '<< f <<' '<< a[9]<<' '<< v[2]<<'\n';std::cout<< t1.mem1<<' '<< t3.mem1<<'\n'; delete[] a;}

    Output: 

    0 0 0 0 0 0 4199376

    [Bearbeiten]Siehe auch

    Von „https://de.cppreference.com/mwiki/index.php?title=cpp/language/value_initialization&oldid=27125“
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