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Basic Latin (Unicode block)

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Basic Latin
or
C0 Controls and Basic Latin
RangeU+0000..U+007F
(128 code points)
PlaneBMP
ScriptsLatin (52 characters)
Common (76 characters)
Major alphabetsEnglish
French
German
Spanish
Vietnamese
Symbol setsArabic numerals
Punctuation
Assigned128 code points
33 Control or Format
Unused0 reserved code points
Source standardsISO/IEC 8859, ISO 646
Unicode version history
1.0.0 (1991)128 (+128)
Unicode documentation
Code chart ∣ Web page
Note: [1][2]

The Basic LatinUnicode block,[3] sometimes informally called C0 Controls and Basic Latin,[4] is the first block of the Unicode standard, and the only block which is encoded in one byte in UTF-8. The block contains all the letters and control codes of the ASCII encoding. It ranges from U+0000 to U+007F, contains 128 characters and includes the C0 controls, ASCII punctuation and symbols, ASCIIdigits, both the uppercase and lowercase of the English alphabet and a control character.

The Basic Latin block was included in its present form from version 1.0.0 of the Unicode Standard, without addition or alteration of the character repertoire.[5] Its block name in Unicode 1.0 was ASCII.[6]

Table of characters

[edit]
Code Result Description Acronym
C0 controls
U+0000 Null characterNUL
U+0001 Start of HeadingSOH
U+0002 Start of TextSTX
U+0003 End-of-text characterETX
U+0004 End-of-transmission characterEOT
U+0005 Enquiry characterENQ
U+0006 Acknowledge characterACK
U+0007 Bell characterBEL
U+0008 BackspaceBS
U+0009 Horizontal tabHT
U+000A Line feedLF
U+000B Vertical tabVT
U+000C Form feedFF
U+000D Carriage returnCR
U+000E Shift OutSO
U+000F Shift InSI
U+0010 Data Link EscapeDLE
U+0011 Device Control 1DC1
U+0012 Device Control 2DC2
U+0013 Device Control 3DC3
U+0014 Device Control 4DC4
U+0015 Negative-acknowledge characterNAK
U+0016 Synchronous IdleSYN
U+0017 End of Transmission BlockETB
U+0018 Cancel characterCAN
U+0019 End of MediumEM
U+001A Substitute characterSUB
U+001B Escape characterESC
U+001C File SeparatorFS
U+001D Group SeparatorGS
U+001E Record SeparatorRS
U+001F Unit SeparatorUS
ASCII punctuation and symbols
U+0020   SpaceSP
U+0021 ! Exclamation markEXC
U+0022 " Quotation markQUO
U+0023 # Number sign
U+0024 $ Dollar sign
U+0025 % Percent sign
U+0026 & Ampersand
U+0027 ' Apostrophe
U+0028 ( Left parenthesis
U+0029 ) Right parenthesis
U+002A * Asterisk
U+002B +Plus sign
U+002C , Comma
U+002D - Hyphen-minus
U+002E . Full stop or period
U+002F / Solidus or Slash
ASCII digits
U+0030 0 Digit Zero
U+0031 1 Digit One
U+0032 2 Digit Two
U+0033 3 Digit Three
U+0034 4 Digit Four
U+0035 5 Digit Five
U+0036 6 Digit Six
U+0037 7 Digit Seven
U+0038 8 Digit Eight
U+0039 9 Digit Nine
ASCII punctuation and symbols
U+003A : Colon
U+003B ; Semicolon
U+003C < Less-than sign
U+003D = Equal sign
U+003E > Greater-than sign
U+003F ? Question mark
U+0040 @ At sign or Commercial at
Uppercase Latin alphabet
U+0041 A Latin Capital letter A
U+0042 B Latin Capital letter B
U+0043 C Latin Capital letter C
U+0044 D Latin Capital letter D
U+0045 E Latin Capital letter E
U+0046 F Latin Capital letter F
U+0047 G Latin Capital letter G
U+0048 H Latin Capital letter H
U+0049 I Latin Capital letter I
U+004A J Latin Capital letter J
U+004B K Latin Capital letter K
U+004C L Latin Capital letter L
U+004D M Latin Capital letter M
U+004E N Latin Capital letter N
U+004F O Latin Capital letter O
U+0050 P Latin Capital letter P
U+0051 Q Latin Capital letter Q
U+0052 R Latin Capital letter R
U+0053 S Latin Capital letter S
U+0054 T Latin Capital letter T
U+0055 U Latin Capital letter U
U+0056 V Latin Capital letter V
U+0057 W Latin Capital letter W
U+0058 X Latin Capital letter X
U+0059 Y Latin Capital letter Y
U+005A Z Latin Capital letter Z
ASCII punctuation and symbols
U+005B [ Left Square Bracket
U+005C \ Backslash[A]
U+005D ] Right Square Bracket
U+005E ^ Circumflex accent
U+005F _ Low line
U+0060 ` Grave accent
Lowercase Latin alphabet
U+0061 a Latin Small Letter A
U+0062 b Latin Small Letter B
U+0063 c Latin Small Letter C
U+0064 d Latin Small Letter D
U+0065 e Latin Small Letter E
U+0066 f Latin Small Letter F
U+0067 g Latin Small Letter G
U+0068 h Latin Small Letter H
U+0069 i Latin Small Letter I
U+006A j Latin Small Letter J
U+006B k Latin Small Letter K
U+006C l Latin Small Letter L
U+006D m Latin Small Letter M
U+006E n Latin Small Letter N
U+006F o Latin Small Letter O
U+0070 p Latin Small Letter P
U+0071 q Latin Small Letter Q
U+0072 r Latin Small Letter R
U+0073 s Latin Small Letter S
U+0074 t Latin Small Letter T
U+0075 u Latin Small Letter U
U+0076 v Latin Small Letter V
U+0077 w Latin Small Letter W
U+0078 x Latin Small Letter X
U+0079 y Latin Small Letter Y
U+007A z Latin Small Letter Z
ASCII punctuation and symbols
U+007B { Left Curly Bracket
U+007C | Vertical bar
U+007D } Right Curly Bracket
U+007E ~ Tilde
Control character
U+007F DeleteDEL
A The letter U+005C (\) may show up as a Yen(¥) or Won(₩) sign in Japanese/Korean fonts mistaking Unicode (especially UTF-8) as a legacy character set which replaced the backslash with these signs.[7]

Subheadings

[edit]

The C0 Controls and Basic Latin block contains six subheadings.[8]

C0 controls

[edit]

The C0 Controls, referred to as C0 ASCII control codes in version 1.0, are inherited from ASCII and other 7-bit and 8-bit encoding schemes. The Alias names for C0 controls are taken from the ISO/IEC 6429:1992 standard.[8]

ASCII punctuation and symbols

[edit]

This subheading refers to standard punctuation characters, simple mathematical operators, and symbols like the dollar sign, percent, ampersand, underscore, and pipe.[8]

ASCII digits

[edit]

The ASCII Digits subheading contains the standard European number characters 1–9 and 0.[8]

Uppercase Latin alphabet

[edit]

The Uppercase Latin alphabet subheading contains the standard 26-letter unaccented Latin alphabet in the majuscule.[8]

Lowercase Latin alphabet

[edit]

The Lowercase Latin Alphabet subheading contains the standard 26-letter unaccented Latin alphabet in the minuscule.[8]

Control character

[edit]

The Control Character subheading contains the "Delete" character.[8]

Number of symbols, letters and control codes

[edit]

The table below shows the number of letters, symbols and control codes in each of the subheadings in the C0 Controls and Basic Latin block.

SubheadingNumber of symbolsRange of characters
C0 controls32 control codesU+0000 to U+001F
ASCII punctuation and symbols33 punctuation marks and symbolsU+0020 to U+002F, U+003A to U+0040, U+005B to U+0060 and U+007B to U+007E
ASCII digits10 digitsU+0030 to U+0039
Uppercase Latin Alphabet26 unaccented Latin letters in the majuscule.U+0041 to U+005A
Lowercase Latin Alphabet26 unaccented Latin letters in the minuscule.U+0061 to U+007A
Control character1 control code containing the "Delete" character.U+007F

Chart

[edit]
C0 Controls and Basic Latin[a]
Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)
 0123456789ABCDEF
U+000x NULSOHSTXETXEOTENQACKBEL BS  HT  LF  VT  FF  CR  SO  SI 
U+001x DLEDC1DC2DC3DC4NAKSYNETBCAN EM SUBESC FS  GS  RS  US 
U+002x  SP !"#$%&'()*+,-./
U+003x 0123456789:;<=>?
U+004x @ABCDEFGHIJKLMNO
U+005x PQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_
U+006x `abcdefghijklmno
U+007x pqrstuvwxyz{|}~DEL
  1. ^As of Unicode version 16.0

Variants

[edit]

Several of the characters are defined to render as a standardized variant if followed by variant indicators.

A variant is defined for a zero with a short diagonal stroke: U+0030 DIGIT ZERO, U+FE00 VS1 (0︀).[9][10]

Twelve characters (#, *, and the digits) can be followed by U+FE0E VS15 or U+FE0F VS16 to create emoji variants.[11][12][13][14] They are keycap base characters, for example #️⃣ (U+0023 NUMBER SIGN U+FE0F VS16 U+20E3 COMBINING ENCLOSING KEYCAP). The VS15 version is "text presentation" while the VS16 version is "emoji-style".[10]

Emoji variation sequences
U+0023002A0030003100320033003400350036003700380039
base#*0123456789
base+VS15+keycap#︎⃣*︎⃣0︎⃣1︎⃣2︎⃣3︎⃣4︎⃣5︎⃣6︎⃣7︎⃣8︎⃣9︎⃣
base+VS16+keycap#️⃣*️⃣0️⃣1️⃣2️⃣3️⃣4️⃣5️⃣6️⃣7️⃣8️⃣9️⃣

History

[edit]

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Basic Latin block:

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  2. ^"Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
  3. ^"block.txt". The Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
  4. ^"C0 Controls and Basic Latin"(PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 15.0. Unicode, Inc. 2022. Retrieved March 22, 2023.
  5. ^The Unicode Standard Version 1.0, Volume 1. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. 1990. ISBN 0-201-56788-1.
  6. ^"3.8: Block-by-Block Charts"(PDF). The Unicode Standard. version 1.0. Unicode Consortium.
  7. ^Michael S. Kaplan (2005-09-17). "When is a backslash not a backslash?". Sorting it all Out. Microsoft. Archived from the original on 2010-06-12. Also available at: http://archives.miloush.net/michkap/archive/2005/09/17/469941.html
  8. ^ abcdefg"Unicode 6.2 code charts"(PDF). The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 1 April 2013.
  9. ^Beeton, Barbara; Freytag, Asmus; Iancu, Laurențiu; Sargent, Murray (2015-10-30). "L2/15-268: Proposal to Represent the Slashed Zero Variant of Empty Set"(PDF).
  10. ^ ab"UTS #51 Emoji Variation Sequences". The Unicode Consortium.
  11. ^Edberg, Peter (2011-12-22). "L2/11-438: Emoji Variation Sequences (Revision of L2/11-429)"(PDF).
  12. ^Pournader, Roozbeh (2015-11-01). "L2/15-301: A proposal for 278 standardized variation sequences for emoji"(PDF).
  13. ^"UTR #51: Unicode Emoji". Unicode Consortium. 2023-09-05.
  14. ^"UCD: Emoji Data for UTR #51". Unicode Consortium. 2023-02-01.
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