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aggregate initialization

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C++言語
一般的なトピック
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General topics
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フロー制御
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Flow control
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条件付き実行文
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Conditional execution statements
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繰り返し文
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Iteration statements
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文をジャンプします
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Jump statements
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機能します
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Functions
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関数の宣言
ラムダ関数の宣言
関数テンプレート
の歴史。インライン指定
例外仕様(廃止予定)
noexcept指定子(C++11)
例外
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Exceptions
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名前空間
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Namespaces
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タイプ
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Types
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decltype specifier(C++11)
指定子
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Specifiers
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CV指定
貯蔵期間指定
constexprの指定子(C++11)
自動指定(C++11)
alignas指定子(C++11)
初期化
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Initialization
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リテラル
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Literals
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Expressions
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代替表現
ユーティリティ
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Utilities
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タイプ
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Types
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typedef declaration
型の別名宣言(C++11)
属性(C++11)
キャストします
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Casts
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暗黙の型変換
const_cast conversion
static_cast conversion
dynamic_cast conversion
reinterpret_cast conversion
Cスタイルキャストと機能
メモリの割り当て
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Memory allocation
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クラス
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Classes
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クラス固有の機能特性
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Class-specific function properties
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特殊なメンバ関数
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Special member functions
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テンプレート
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Templates
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クラステンプレート
関数テンプレート
テンプレートの特殊化
パラメーターパック(C++11)
その他
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Miscellaneous
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インラインアセンブリ
 
ブレース-initはリストから集計を初期化します
Original:
Initializes an aggregate from braced-init-list
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目次

[編集]構文

Tobject= {arg1, arg2, ...}; (1)
Tobject {arg1, arg2, ...}; (2) (C++11およびそれ以降)

[編集]説明

集約の初期化は、'集合体を初期化リスト初期化のフォームです
Original:
Aggregate initialization is a form of リスト初期化, which initializes aggregates
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集計は、次のいずれかです。型のオブジェクトです
Original:
An aggregate is an object of the type that is one of the following
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  • 配列型
    Original:
    array type
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  • クラス型(典型的には、structまたはunion)、それは持っています
    Original:
    class type (typically, struct or union), that has
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  • ノープライベートまたはプロテクトメンバー
    Original:
    no private or protected members
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  • は、ユーザーが提供するコンストラクタがありません
    Original:
    no user-provided constructors
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  • ない基底クラスはありません
    Original:
    no base classes
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  • ノー仮想メンバ関数
    Original:
    no virtual member functions
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  • 非静的メンバに対してブレースか等しい初期ません
    Original:
    no brace-or-equal initializers for non-static members
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集約の初期化の効果は、次のとおりです
Original:
The effects of aggregate initialization are:
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  • 各配列要素または非静的クラスのメンバは、クラス定義の中に配列の添字/外観のために、初期化子リストの対応する節からコピー初期化です.​​
    Original:
    Each array element or non-static class member, in order of array subscript/appearance in the class definition, is コピー初期化 from the corresponding clause of the initializer list.
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  • 初期化句が式であれば、彼らは((C++11およびそれ以降)のように)狭くしている場合は、暗黙的な変換がリスト初期化除いて、許可されてい.
    Original:
    If the initializer clause is an expression, implicit conversions are allowed, except (C++11およびそれ以降) if they are narrowing (as in リスト初期化).
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  • 初期化子の句は、ネストされたブレース-INIT-リストである場合、対応するクラスのメンバーは、それ自体である集計:集計初期化は再帰的です.
    Original:
    If the initializer clause is a nested braced-init-list, the corresponding class member is itself an aggregate: aggregate initialization is recursive.
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  • オブジェクトが未知のサイズの配列であり、供給中括弧で囲まれた初期化子リストはn句を持っている場合は、配列のサイズはnです
    Original:
    If the object is an array of unknown size, and the supplied brace-enclosed initializer list has n clauses, the size of the array is n
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  • 静的データメンバと匿名のビットフィールドは、集約の初期化中にスキップされます.
    Original:
    Static data members and anonymous bit-fields are skipped during aggregate initialization.
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  • 初期化子の句の数は初期化す​​るメンバーの数を超えている場合、プログラムは(コンパイラエラー)不適格です
    Original:
    If the number of initializer clauses exceeds the number of members to initialize, the program is ill-formed (compiler error)
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  • 初期化子の句の数はメンバーの数より少ない場合、残りのメンバーは値初期化を行い、空のリストで初期化されます。参照型のメンバは、これらの残りのメンバーの一人である場合、プログラムは不適格である(参照は値初期化することはできません)
    Original:
    If the number of initializer clauses is less than the number of members, the remaining members are initialized by empty lists, which performs 値初期化. If a member of a reference type is one of these remaining members, the program is ill-formed (references cannot be value-initialized)
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  • 集約の初期化は、等号(T a ={args..})でフォームを使用する場合は、ネストされた初期化子リストを囲む中括弧は、その場合には、必要な数の初期化句が対応のすべてのメンバーまたは要素を初期化するために使用され、(中略)削除されるかもしれませんsubaggregate、その後の初期化子の句は、オブジェクトの次のメンバを初期化するために使用されます。オブジェクトがどのメンバー(空の構造体、または静的メンバのみを保持する構造体)をせずにサブ集合を持っている場合は、中括弧省略は許されず、空のネストされたリスト{} を使用しなければなりません.
    Original:
    If the aggregate initialization uses the form with the equal sign (T a ={args..}), the braces around the nested initializer lists may be elided (omitted), in which case, as many initializer clauses as necessary are used to initialize every member or element of the corresponding subaggregate, and the subsequent initializer clauses are used to initialize the following members of the object. However, if the object has a sub-aggregate without any members (an empty struct, or a struct holding only static members), brace elision is not allowed, and an empty nested list {} must be used.
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  • 組合が集約の初期化で初期化される時にのみ、その最初の非静的データメンバが初期化され.
    Original:
    When a union is initialized by aggregate initialization, only its first non-static data members is initialized.
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[編集]ノート

℃まで+ 11、縮小変換は、集約の初期化では許可されていましたが、これは許可されなくなりました.
Original:
Until C++11, narrowing conversions were permitted in aggregate initialization, but they are no longer allowed.
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C + + 11まで、集約の初期化は、構文上の制限により、コンストラクタ初期化子リストでは使用できませんでした.
Original:
Until C++11, aggregate initialization could not be used in a constructor initializer list due to syntax restrictions.
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[編集]

#include <string>#include <array>struct S {int x;struct Foo {int i;int j;int a[3];} b;};   union U {int a;constchar* b;};int main(){ S s1 ={1, {2, 3, {4, 5, 6}}}; S s2 ={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6};// same, but with brace elision S s3{1, {2, 3, {4, 5, 6}}};// same, using direct-list-initialization syntax// S s4{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}; // error: brace-elision only allowed with equals sign   int ar[]={1,2,3};// ar is int[3]// char cr[3] = {'a', 'b', 'c', 'd'}; // too many initializer clauseschar cr[3]={'a'};// array initialized as {'a', '\0', '\0'}   int ar2d1[2][2]={{1, 2}, {3, 4}};// fully-braced 2D array: {1, 2}// {3, 4}int ar2d2[2][2]={1, 2, 3, 4};// brace elision: {1, 2}// {3, 4}int ar2d3[2][2]={{1}, {2}};// only first column: {1, 0}// {2, 0}   std::array<int, 3> std_ar2{{1,2,3}};// std::array is an aggregatestd::array<int, 3> std_ar1 ={1, 2, 3};// brace-elision okay   int ai[]={1, 2.0};// narrowing conversion from double to int:// error in C++11, okay in C++03   std::string ars[]={std::string("one"), // copy-initialization"two", // conversion, then copy-initialization{'t', 'h', 'r', 'e', 'e'}};// list-initialization   U u1 ={1};// OK, first member of the union// U u2 = { 0, "asdf" }; // error: too many initializers for union// U u3 = { "asdf" }; // error: invalid conversion to int   }


[編集]参照

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