I want to combine multiple databases in my system. Most of the time the database is MySQL; but it may differ in future i.e. Admin can generate such a reports which is use source of heterogeneous database system.
So my question is does Laravel provide any Facade to deal with such situations? Or any other framework have more suitable capabilities for problem is?
From Laravel Docs: You may access each connection via the connection method on the DB facade when using multiple connections. The name passed to the connection method should correspond to one of the connections listed in your config/database.php configuration file:
$users = DB::connection('foo')->select(...); DB_CONNECTION=mysql DB_HOST=127.0.0.1 DB_PORT=3306 DB_DATABASE=mysql_database DB_USERNAME=root DB_PASSWORD=secret DB_CONNECTION_PGSQL=pgsql DB_HOST_PGSQL=127.0.0.1 DB_PORT_PGSQL=5432 DB_DATABASE_PGSQL=pgsql_database DB_USERNAME_PGSQL=root DB_PASSWORD_PGSQL=secret Using config/database.php
'mysql' => [ 'driver' => env('DB_CONNECTION'), 'host' => env('DB_HOST'), 'port' => env('DB_PORT'), 'database' => env('DB_DATABASE'), 'username' => env('DB_USERNAME'), 'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD'), ], 'pgsql' => [ 'driver' => env('DB_CONNECTION_PGSQL'), 'host' => env('DB_HOST_PGSQL'), 'port' => env('DB_PORT_PGSQL'), 'database' => env('DB_DATABASE_PGSQL'), 'username' => env('DB_USERNAME_PGSQL'), 'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD_PGSQL'), ], Note: In
pgsql, ifDB_usernameandDB_passwordare the same, then you can useenv('DB_USERNAME'), which is mentioned in.envfirst few lines.
Without .env <= 4.0 (or lower)
app/config/database.php
return array( 'default' => 'mysql', 'connections' => array( # Primary/Default database connection 'mysql' => array( 'driver' => 'mysql', 'host' => '127.0.0.1', 'database' => 'mysql_database', 'username' => 'root', 'password' => 'secret' 'charset' => 'utf8', 'collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci', 'prefix' => '', ), # Secondary database connection 'pgsql' => [ 'driver' => 'pgsql', 'host' => 'localhost', 'port' => '5432', 'database' => 'pgsql_database', 'username' => 'root', 'password' => 'secret', 'charset' => 'utf8', 'prefix' => '', 'schema' => 'public', ] ), ); Run the connection() method to specify which connection to use.
Schema::connection('pgsql')->create('some_table', function($table) { $table->increments('id'): }); Or, at the top, define a connection.
protected $connection = 'pgsql'; $users = DB::connection('pgsql')->select(...); (In Laravel >= 5.0 (or higher))
Set the $connection variable in your model
class ModelName extends Model { // extend changed protected $connection = 'pgsql'; } (In Laravel <= 4.0 (or lower))
Set the $connection variable in your model
class SomeModel extends Eloquent { protected $connection = 'pgsql'; } DB::transaction(function () { DB::connection('mysql')->table('users')->update(['name' => 'John']); DB::connection('pgsql')->table('orders')->update(['status' => 'shipped']); }); or
DB::connection('mysql')->beginTransaction(); try { DB::connection('mysql')->table('users')->update(['name' => 'John']); DB::connection('pgsql')->beginTransaction(); DB::connection('pgsql')->table('orders')->update(['status' => 'shipped']); DB::connection('pgsql')->commit(); DB::connection('mysql')->commit(); } catch (\Exception $e) { DB::connection('mysql')->rollBack(); DB::connection('pgsql')->rollBack(); throw $e; } You can also define the connection at runtime via the setConnection method or the on static method:
class SomeController extends BaseController { public function someMethod() { $someModel = new SomeModel; $someModel->setConnection('pgsql'); // non-static method $something = $someModel->find(1); $something = SomeModel::on('pgsql')->find(1); // static method return $something; } } Note: Be careful about building relationships with tables across databases! It is possible to do, but it can come with caveats depending on your database and settings.
Tested versions (Updated)
| Version | Tested (Yes/No) |
|---|---|
| 4.2 | No |
| 5 | Yes (5.5) |
| 6 | No |
| 7 | No |
| 8 | Yes (8.4) |
| 9 | Yes (9.2) |
Useful Links
class SomeModel extends Model { and also make sure you have removed get values from env file as env('DB_DATABASE', 'name') when you creating new DB configuration array in database.php file as @sba has mentionedIn Laravel 5.1, you specify the connection:
$users = DB::connection('foo')->select(...); Default, Laravel uses the default connection. It is simple, isn't it?
Read more here: http://laravel.com/docs/5.1/database#accessing-connections
Laravel has inbuilt support for multiple database systems, you need to provide connection details in config/database.php file
return [ 'default' => env('DB_CONNECTION', 'mysql'), 'connections' => [ 'mysql' => [ 'driver' => 'mysql', 'host' => env('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1'), 'port' => env('DB_PORT', '3306'), 'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'), 'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'), 'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''), 'charset' => 'utf8', 'collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci', 'prefix' => '', 'strict' => false, 'engine' => null, ], 'mysqlOne' => [ 'driver' => 'mysql', 'host' => env('DB_HOST_ONE', '127.0.0.1'), 'port' => env('DB_PORT', '3306'), 'database' => env('DB_DATABASE_ONE', 'forge'), 'username' => env('DB_USERNAME_ONE', 'forge'), 'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD_ONE', ''), 'charset' => 'utf8', 'collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci', 'prefix' => '', 'strict' => false, 'engine' => null, ], ]; Once you have this you can create two base model class for each connection and define the connection name in those models
//BaseModel.php protected $connection = 'mysql'; //BaseModelOne.php protected $connection = 'mysqlOne'; You can extend these models to create more models for tables in each DB.
Actually, DB::connection('name')->select(..) doesnt work for me, because 'name' has to be in double quotes: "name"
Still, the select query is executed on my default connection. Still trying to figure out, how to convince Laravel to work the way it is intended: change the connection.
Laravel by default provides support for multiple database connections and you can dynamically switch between them. Here's how you can handle multiple database connections.
Define Database Connections in config/database.php
'connections' => [ 'mysql' => [ 'driver' => 'mysql', 'host' => env('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1'), 'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'), 'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'), 'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''), 'charset' => 'utf8mb4', 'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci', 'prefix' => '', 'strict' => true, 'engine' => null, ], 'pgsql' => [ 'driver' => 'pgsql', 'host' => env('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1'), 'port' => env('DB_PORT', 5432), 'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'), 'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'), 'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''), 'charset' => env('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8'), 'prefix' => env('DB_PREFIX', ''), 'schema' => env('DB_SCHEMA', 'public'), 'sslmode' => env('DB_SSL_MODE', 'prefer'), ], ], NB: you can have as many connections as needed, irrespective of the driver, ie, multiple MySQL connections, etc.
Switching Between Connections In your Eloquent models or queries, you can specify the connection to use
// Use the default connection (mysql) $users = DB::table('users')->get(); // Use a specific connection $users = DB::connection('pgsql')->table('users')->get(); Dynamic Connection Switching
$connectionName = 'pgsql'; $users = DB::connection($connectionName)->table('users')->get(); Raw Queries You can also execute raw queries using specific connection
$users = DB::connection('pgsql')->select('select * from users'); Cross-Database Joins I've personally tested this in one of my projects, doing cross-database join. You can specify the connection for each table in the join.
$users = DB::table('mysql_users') ->join('pgsql.other_table', 'mysql_users.id', '=', 'other_table.user_id') ->select('mysql_users.*', 'other_table.column') ->get(); Always adjust your migrations, models, and queries when working with multiple databases.
Useful links
Using Laravel 9, and connecting to three different databases, the default one MySQL, and two other Postgres databases, I found that defining model relations works properly across models from different databases if I simply set the $connection value explicitly on all models, especially the ones that use the default database connection. This means that if you change your default connection you will have to update those models, but this happens rarely, if at all.
Also you can use postgres fdw system
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.5/postgres-fdw.html
You will be able to connect different db in postgres. After that, in one query, you can access tables that are in different databases.
This worked for me
The Middleware:
<?php namespace App\Http\Middleware; use Config; use Closure; use DB; class DBSelect { public function handle($request, Closure $next) { //$db_name = "db1"; $db_name = "db2"; Config::set('database.connections.mysql.database', $db_name); DB::reconnect('mysql'); return $next($request); } } global Kernel.php
protected $middleware = [ ..... \App\Http\Middleware\DBSelect::class, ]; I changed some code from this answer (https://stackoverflow.com/a/64744187/4514022) and it worked for me.
MongoDB also officially supports Laravel. If you have it added it in your config, you can access it similar to relational databases For example,
$moviesCollection = DB::connection('mongodb')->collection('movies')->get(); Laravel, like many modern PHP frameworks, uses an ORM (Object-Relational Mapping) called Eloquent. Eloquent provides a comfortable and unified API for interacting with different database systems, but by default, it expects one primary connection. However, Laravel is flexible enough to manage multiple connections, even to heterogeneous databases.
Here's how you can approach the situation in Laravel:
Multiple Database Connections:
In your config/database.php file, you can define multiple database connections.
$users = DB::connection('mysql2')->select(...); Not a good solution if you want to clone the existing system and to run the existing code on a new database for a new customer.
We would have to edit hundreds of eloquent calls to insert the DB::connection('foo')
