Comparison of database administration tools

The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of available database administration tools. Please see individual product articles for further information. This article is neither all-inclusive nor necessarily up to date.

Systems listed on a light purple background are no longer in active development.

General


Product	Creator	Latest stable release date	Latest stable release	License	Runs on Windows	Runs on macOS	Runs on Linux	Oracle	MySQL	PostgreSQL	MS SQL Server	ODBC	JDBC	SQLite	Other	Programming language
DatabaseSpy	Altova	2019-04-02[±]	2019r3^[1]	Proprietary	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes		IBM Db2, Sybase, MS Access	C++
Database Workbench	Upscene Productions	2024-12-16	6.6.0	Proprietary	Yes	needs Wine	needs Wine	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes		Yes	InterBase, Firebird, NexusDB, MariaDB	Delphi
DataGrip	JetBrains	2023-08-17	2023.2.1	Proprietary	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Sybase, IBM Db2, H2, Hypersonic SQL, Amazon Redshift, Apache Derby, Redis, MongoDB, Snowflake, Exasol, BigQuery, Cassandra, ClickHouse, CockroachDB, Couchbase	Java
DBeaver	Serge Rider	2025-04-06	25.0.2^[2]	Apache License	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	EXASOL, IBM Db2, Apache Derby, Firebird, Mimer SQL, all with JDBC driver	Java
DBEdit	Jef Van Den Ouweland	2012-05-10	2.4.6	GPL	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	IBM Db2, HSQLDB, Apache Derby, H2	Java
dbForge Edge	Devart	2025-04-18	5.1	Proprietary	Yes	needs CrossOver	needs Wine or CrossOver	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes^{[note 1]}	No	No	MariaDB, Galera Cluster, Percona, HeatWave MySQL, Google Cloud, Oracle Cloud, Amazon RDS, Amazon Aurora, Amazon Redshift, Alibaba Cloud, SQL Azure, Tencent Cloud, Heroku, Aiven Cloud, SkySQL, DigitalOcean Managed Database, Kamatera Performance Cloud	.NET
HeidiSQL	Ansgar Becker	2022-08-13[±]	12.1^[3]	GPL	Yes	needs Wine	needs Wine		Yes	Yes	Yes			Yes		Delphi
Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio	Microsoft	2024-07-09^[4]	20.2	Proprietary	Yes	No	No				Yes				including SSAS management, and MDX, DMX, XMLA languages	.NET
MySQL Workbench	Oracle Corporation	2020-09-12[±]	8.0.22^[5]	Community Ed: GPL Standard Ed: Commercial Proprietary	Yes	Yes	Yes		Yes							C++–C#Objective-C Python
Navicat	PremiumSoft CyberTech Ltd.	2021-11-23	16^[6]	Proprietary	Yes	Yes	needs Wine	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes		Yes		Delphi Objective-C
Navicat Data Modeler	PremiumSoft CyberTech Ltd.	2015-12-10	2.1	Proprietary	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes		Yes		Delphi Objective-C
Oracle Enterprise Manager	Oracle Corp.	2015-06-16	12.1.0.5	Proprietary	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes		Yes				IBM Db2, Sybase, TimesTen	Java
Oracle SQL Developer	Oracle Corp.	2018-04-05	18.1.0.095.1630	Proprietary	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes		Microsoft Access, Sybase, IBM Db2, Teradata	Java
pgAdmin	pgAdmin Development Team	2025-04-03; 21 days ago	9.2^[7]	PostgreSQL License	Yes	Yes	Yes			Yes						C++
phpLiteAdmin	Dane Iracleous, Christopher Kramer, others	2019-09-05	1.9.8.2^[8]	GPL	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	No	Yes		PHP
phpMyAdmin	phpMyAdmin Development Team	2025-01-21; 3 months ago[±]	5.2.2^[9]	GPL	Yes	Yes	Yes		Yes						Drizzle, MariaDB	php
SQL Database Studio	Jan Prochazka	2016-05-27	3.4.1	Proprietary	Yes	No	No	No	No	No	Yes					.NET, WPF, C#
SQLyog	Webyog Softworks Pvt. Ltd.	2024-07-23[±]	13.3.0^[10]	GPLv2	Yes	needs Wine	needs Wine		Yes							C++
SQuirreL SQL	Colin Bell, Gerd Wagner, Rob Manning, others	2023-06-04 [±]	4.6.0^[11]	GPLv2 & LGPLv2	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Access, Axion Java RDBMS, Apache Derby, Daffodil DB, FileMaker (JDBC), Fujitsu Siemens SESAM/SQL, Firebird, FrontBase, HSQLDB, Hypersonic SQL, H2 (DBMS), IBM Db2, Informix, Ingres, OpenIngres, InstantDB, InterBase, Mckoi SQL Database, Mimer SQL, Netezza, Pointbase, SAPDB, Sybase, Sunopsis XML Driver, Teradata Warehouse, ThinkSQL RDBMS, Vertica Analytic Database.	Java
Toad	Quest Software	Various	Various	Proprietary	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes		Yes	Yes			IBM Db2, Sybase	Delphi, C#.NET
Toad Data Modeler	Quest Software	2020-10-19	7.3^[12]	Proprietary	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes				IBM Db2, MS Access, Sybase	Delphi
TOra	Community	2017-07-04	3.2	GPL	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes					Teradata	C++–Qt
Product	Creator	Latest stable release date	Latest stable release	License	Runs on Windows	Runs on macOS	Runs on Linux	Oracle	MySQL	PostgreSQL	MS SQL Server	ODBC	JDBC	SQLite	Other	Programming language

Features

Legend

User Interface:
- Browser based - executes on a computer server and is accessed via a network using a web browser
- desktop - executes on a personal computer
Create/alter table:
- Yes - can create table, alter its definition and data, and add new rows
- Some - can only create/alter table definition, not data
Browse table:
- Yes - can browse table definition and data
- Some - can only browse table definition
Multi-server support:
- Yes - can manage from the same window/session multiple servers
- Some - can manage from a different window/session multiple servers
Monitoring server:
- Yes - includes a headless server, that runs checks and reports failures

Tools	User Interface	Create & Alter wizard				Browse				Auto Completion	Syntax colored	Multi server support	Monitoring server
Tools	User Interface	Database	Table	Procedure	Trigger	Database	Table	Procedure	Trigger	Auto Completion	Syntax colored	Multi server support	Monitoring server
Adminer	Browser-based	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	?	?
Altova DatabaseSpy	desktop	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	?
Database Workbench	desktop	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	?
DataGrip	desktop	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
DBeaver	desktop	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
DBEdit	desktop	No	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No	Yes	No	?
dbForge	desktop	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Some
Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio	desktop	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
MySQL Workbench	desktop	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Some
Navicat	desktop	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	?
Navicat Data Modeler	desktop	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	?
Oracle Enterprise Manager	Browser-based	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	?	Yes
Oracle SQL Developer	desktop	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
pgAdmin	Browser-based, desktop (TDI)	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Some
phpLiteAdmin	Browser-based	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	?	?
phpMyAdmin	Browser-based	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
SQL Database Studio	desktop	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
SQLyog	desktop	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	?	?
SQuirreL SQL	desktop	?	?	?	?	Yes	Yes	?	?	Yes	Yes	Some	?
Toad	desktop	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Toad Data Modeler	desktop	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Some	Some	Some	Some	No	Yes	?	?
TOra	desktop	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	?

Features (continued)

Legend:

User manager:
- Yes - user manager with support for database and schema permissions as well as for individual object (table, view, functions) permissions
- Some - simple user manager with support for database and schema permissions
- No - no user manager, or read-only user manager

	user manager	Plugin	Compare	Import	Export	Debugger	Source control	Spatial Visualization
Adminer	Yes	Yes	Yes	SQL script, CSV, TSV or the above in zip (as a plugin); imports of server-site file in SQL or SQL in zip, gzip or bzip2	SQL script, CSV, TSV or the above in zip, gzip, bzip2; XML (as a plugin)	No	Git
Altova DatabaseSpy	No	No	Yes	CSV, XML	XML, XML Structure, CSV, HTML, MS Excel	No	?
Database Workbench	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes^[13]
DataGrip	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	TXT, CSV, HTML, XML, DBF, SQL script, RTF, MS Word, MS Excel, MS Access, MS Windows Clipboard, Paradox file, WK1, WQ1, SLK, DIF, LDIF	No	Yes
DBeaver	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	With Eclipse plugins
DBEdit	No	No	No	No	MS Excel, PDF, Text, SQL script	No	?
dbForge	Yes	No	Yes	Yes - TXT, CSV, XML, XLS, XLSX, DBF, JSON, Google Sheets, MS Access, or from any ODBC source	Yes - TXT, CSV, XML, XLS, XLSX, DBF, JSON, Google Sheets, MS Access, PDF, HTML, RTF, SQL script, or from any ODBC source	Yes	Yes^{[note 2]}	No
Navicat	Yes	No	Yes	Yes - TXT, CSV, DBF, HTML, MS Excel, MS Access, Paradox file, WK1, WQ1, XML, or from any ODBC source (See link for limitations^[14])	Yes - TXT, CSV, HTML, XML, DBF, SQL script, RTF, MS Word, MS Excel, MS Access, MS Windows Clipboard, Paradox file, WK1, WQ1, SLK, DIF, LDIF (See link for limitations^[14])	Yes	No
Navicat Data Modeler	No	No	Yes	Yes - Import Database from server/ODBC	Yes - Export SQL	No	No
MySQL Workbench	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes - CSV, HTML, JSON, MS Excel, SQL INSERTS, Tab-separated, XML	Yes - CSV, HTML, JSON, MS Excel, SQL INSERTS, Tab-separated, XML	Yes	No
Oracle SQL Developer	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
pgAdmin	Yes	Yes	No	CSV, Text, or binary	CSV, text, HTML, XML	Yes	No
phpMyAdmin	Yes	Some	Yes	Yes - CSV, SQL, XML, Excel, ODS	Yes - CSV, LaTeX, Excel, Word, ODS, ODT, XML, SQL, YAML, Texy!, JSON, NHibernate, PHP, PDF, MediaWiki	Yes	Git
SQL Database Studio	Yes	Yes	No	CSV, XML, MS Excel	CSV, HTML, MS Excel, SQL INSERTS, Tab-separated, XML	No	No
SQLyog	Yes	?	Yes	Yes	Yes	?	?
SQL Server Management Studio	Yes	Yes	?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes^[15]	Yes
SQuirreL SQL	?	Yes	Yes	Yes	?	No	?
Toad	Some	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	SVN, CVS, TFS, VSS
Toad Data Modeler	No	?	Yes	Toad for Oracle ERD, ERWin 7.1(XML) via plugin	SQL; meta data in XML; report in HTML/RTF/CSV; diagram as BMP, JPEG, PNG	No	?
TOra	Some	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No

Features - visual design and reverse engineering

Legend:

Visual schema/E-R design: the ability to draw entity-relationship diagrams for the database. If missing, the following two features will also be missing
Reverse engineering - the ability to produce an ER diagram from a database, complete with foreign key relationships
- Yes - supports incremental reverse engineering, preserving user modifications to the diagram and importing only changes from the database
- Some - can only reverse engineer the entire database at once and drops any user modifications to the diagram (can't "refresh" the diagram to match the database)
Forward engineering - the ability to update the database schema with changes made to its entities and relationships via the ER diagram visual designer
- Yes - can update user-selected entities
- Some - can only update the entire database at once

	Visual query builder	Visual schema/model/E-R diagram design	Reverse engineering	Forward engineering	ER diagram groupboxes
Adminer	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
Altova DatabaseSpy	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	?
Database Workbench	Yes	Yes	Yes	?	Yes
DBeaver	No	Yes	Yes	No	?
DBEdit	No	No	No	No	No
dbForge	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
Navicat	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Navicat Data Modeler	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
MySQL Workbench	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Oracle SQL Developer	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	?
pgAdmin	Yes	No	No	No	No
phpMyAdmin	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No
SQL Database Studio	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
SQL Server Management Studio	?	Yes	Yes	?	?
SQLyog	Yes^[16]	Yes^[17]	Yes	Yes	?
SQuirreL SQL	Yes	Yes	Yes^{[note 3]}	?	No
Toad	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	?
Toad Data Modeler	No	Yes	Yes	Yes^{[note 4]}	?

Notes

^Only for Data Import/Export features.
^Only for SQL Server and MySQL/MariaDB.
^Only incremental, by manually going through each table and clicking "Add to graph".
^Generated SQL must be executed outside Toad Data Modeler.

References

^"What's New in DatabaseSpy". altova.com. Retrieved 2019-07-24.
^"Release 25.0.2". GitHub. 2025-04-06. Retrieved 2025-04-14.
^"Releases - HeidiSQL/HeidiSQL". github.com. Retrieved 2022-08-26.
^"Download SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)". 9 July 2024.
^"Releases - mysql/mysql-workbench". github.com. Retrieved 2020-11-19.
^"Welcome to Navicat's Press Center - Navicat". www.navicat.com. Retrieved 2022-04-17.
^"Release 9.2". 3 April 2025. Retrieved 24 April 2025.
^"Phpliteadmin / Public / Downloads — Bitbucket".
^"phpMyAdmin 5.2.2". 21 January 2025. Retrieved 21 January 2025.
^Team, Webyog (2024-07-23). "New Release – SQLyog 13.3.0". Webyog. Retrieved 2024-11-29.
^"SQuirrel SQL Client - Browse/1-stable". sourceforge.net. Retrieved 2023-11-25.
^"Toad Data Modeler 7.3 - Release Notes". support.quest.com. Retrieved 2022-04-17.
^custom system via TeamServer in Enterprise Edition
^ ^a ^btitle= Navicat feature matrix
^"Source Control in SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)". 21 November 2016.
^"SQLYog query builder". Archived from the original on 2010-10-26. Retrieved 2008-05-29.
^"SQLYog schema designer". Archived from the original on 2010-10-26. Retrieved 2008-05-29.

[3] Only for Data Import/Export features.

[15] Only for SQL Server and MySQL/MariaDB.

[20] Only incremental, by manually going through each table and clicking "Add to graph".

[21] Generated SQL must be executed outside Toad Data Modeler.

[DatabaseSpy_release-1] "What's New in DatabaseSpy". altova.com. Retrieved 2019-07-24.

[2] "Release 25.0.2". GitHub. 2025-04-06. Retrieved 2025-04-14.

[HeidiSQL_release-4] "Releases - HeidiSQL/HeidiSQL". github.com. Retrieved 2022-08-26.

[ssms_release-5] "Download SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)". 9 July 2024.

[MySQL_Workbench_release-6] "Releases - mysql/mysql-workbench". github.com. Retrieved 2020-11-19.

[7] "Welcome to Navicat's Press Center - Navicat". www.navicat.com. Retrieved 2022-04-17.

[wikidata-cd2c1bfc6989e62d833a51bc1a58c2b84159029f-v18-8] "Release 9.2". 3 April 2025. Retrieved 24 April 2025.

[9] "Phpliteadmin / Public / Downloads — Bitbucket".

[wikidata-d9c2ccc2b5c30029561cc8f09969c4d3d5ef0d3d-v18-10] "phpMyAdmin 5.2.2". 21 January 2025. Retrieved 21 January 2025.

[11] Team, Webyog (2024-07-23). "New Release – SQLyog 13.3.0". Webyog. Retrieved 2024-11-29.

[SQuirreL_SQL_release-12] "SQuirrel SQL Client - Browse/1-stable". sourceforge.net. Retrieved 2023-11-25.

[13] "Toad Data Modeler 7.3 - Release Notes". support.quest.com. Retrieved 2022-04-17.

[14] ustom system via TeamServer in Enterprise Edition

[Navicat_features-16] title= Navicat feature matrix

[17] "Source Control in SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)". 21 November 2016.

[18] "SQLYog query builder". Archived from the original on 2010-10-26. Retrieved 2008-05-29.

[19] "SQLYog schema designer". Archived from the original on 2010-10-26. Retrieved 2008-05-29.

[1]

v t e Database
Main	Requirements Theory Database object Models Database management system Machine Engine Server Application Connection datasource DSN Administrator Synonym Lock Types Tools
Languages	Data definition Data manipulation Query information retrieval
Security	Activity monitoring Audit Forensics Negative database
Design	Entities and relationships (and Enhanced notation) Normalization Schema Refactoring Cardinality
Programming	Abstraction layer Object–relational mapping
Management	Virtualization Tuning caching Migration Preservation Integrity
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See also	Database-centric architecture Intelligent database Two-phase locking Locks with ordered sharing Load file Publishing Halloween Problem Log shipping
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