grid-template

Baseline Widely available

This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since October 2017.

The grid-templateCSS property is a shorthand property for defining grid columns, grid rows, and grid areas.

Try it

grid-template: "a a a" 40px "b c c" 40px "b c c" 40px / 1fr 1fr 1fr;

grid-template: "b b a" auto "b b c" 2ch "b b c" 1em / 20% 20px 1fr;

grid-template: "a a ." minmax(50px, auto) "a a ." 80px "b b c" auto / 2em 3em auto;

<section class="default-example" id="default-example"> <div class="example-container"> <div class="transition-all" id="example-element"> <div>One</div> <div>Two</div> <div>Three</div> </div> </div> </section>

#example-element { border: 1px solid #c5c5c5; display: grid; grid-gap: 10px; width: 200px; } #example-element :nth-child(1) { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 255, 0.2); border: 3px solid blue; grid-area: a; } #example-element :nth-child(2) { background-color: rgba(255, 0, 200, 0.2); border: 3px solid rebeccapurple; grid-area: b; } #example-element :nth-child(3) { background-color: rgba(94, 255, 0, 0.2); border: 3px solid green; grid-area: c; }

Constituent properties

This property is a shorthand for the following CSS properties:

Syntax

css

/* Keyword value */ grid-template: none; /* grid-template-rows / grid-template-columns values */ grid-template: 100px 1fr / 50px 1fr; grid-template: auto 1fr / auto 1fr auto; grid-template: [line-name] 100px / [column-name1] 30% [column-name2] 70%; grid-template: fit-content(100px) / fit-content(40%); /* grid-template-areas grid-template-rows / grid-template-column values */ grid-template: "a a a" "b b b"; grid-template: "a a a" 20% "b b b" auto; grid-template: [header-top] "a a a" [header-bottom] [main-top] "b b b" 1fr [main-bottom] / auto 1fr auto; /* Global values */ grid-template: inherit; grid-template: initial; grid-template: revert; grid-template: revert-layer; grid-template: unset;

Values

none: Is a keyword that sets all three longhand properties to none, meaning there is no explicit grid. There are no named grid areas. Rows and columns will be implicitly generated; their size will be determined by the grid-auto-rows and grid-auto-columns properties.
<'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'>: Sets grid-template-rows and grid-template-columns to the specified values, and sets grid-template-areas to none.
[ <line-names>? <string> <track-size>? <line-names>? ]+ [ / <explicit-track-list> ]?: Sets grid-template-areas to the strings listed, grid-template-rows to the track sizes following each string (filling in auto for any missing sizes), and splicing in the named lines defined before/after each size, and grid-template-columns to the track listing specified after the slash (or none, if not specified).
Note: The repeat() function isn't allowed in these track listings, as the tracks are intended to visually line up one-to-one with the rows/columns in the "ASCII art".

Note: The grid shorthand accepts the same syntax, but also resets the implicit grid properties to their initial values. Use grid (as opposed to grid-template) to prevent these values from cascading in separately.

Formal definition

Initial value	as each of the properties of the shorthand: `grid-template-columns`: `none` `grid-template-rows`: `none` `grid-template-areas`: `none`
Applies to	grid containers
Inherited	no
Percentages	as each of the properties of the shorthand: `grid-template-columns`: refer to corresponding dimension of the content area `grid-template-rows`: refer to corresponding dimension of the content area
Computed value	as each of the properties of the shorthand: `grid-template-columns`: as specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengths `grid-template-rows`: as specified, but with relative lengths converted into absolute lengths `grid-template-areas`: as specified
Animation type	as each of the properties of the shorthand: `grid-template-columns`: simple list of length, percentage, or calc, provided the only differences are in the values of the length, percentage, or calc components in the list `grid-template-rows`: simple list of length, percentage, or calc, provided the only differences are in the values of the length, percentage, or calc components in the list `grid-template-areas`: discrete

Formal syntax

grid-template = 
none|
[<'grid-template-rows'> / <'grid-template-columns'>]|
[<line-names>?<string><track-size>?<line-names>?]+[ / <explicit-track-list>]?

<grid-template-rows> = 
none|
<track-list>|
<auto-track-list>|
subgrid<line-name-list>?

<grid-template-columns> = 
none|
<track-list>|
<auto-track-list>|
subgrid<line-name-list>?

<line-names> = 
 '[' <custom-ident>* ']' 

<track-size> = 
<track-breadth>|
minmax(<inflexible-breadth> , <track-breadth>)|
fit-content(<length-percentage [0,∞]>)

<explicit-track-list> = 
[<line-names>?<track-size>]+<line-names>?

<track-list> = 
[<line-names>?[<track-size>|<track-repeat>]]+<line-names>?

<auto-track-list> = 
[<line-names>?[<fixed-size>|<fixed-repeat>]]*<line-names>?<auto-repeat>[<line-names>?[<fixed-size>|<fixed-repeat>]]*<line-names>?

<line-name-list> = 
[<line-names>|<name-repeat>]+

<track-breadth> = 
<length-percentage [0,∞]>|
<flex [0,∞]>|
min-content|
max-content|
auto

<inflexible-breadth> = 
<length-percentage [0,∞]>|
min-content|
max-content|
auto

<length-percentage> = 
<length>|
<percentage>

<track-repeat> = 
repeat([<integer [1,∞]>] , [<line-names>?<track-size>]+<line-names>?)

<fixed-size> = 
<fixed-breadth>|
minmax(<fixed-breadth> , <track-breadth>)|
minmax(<inflexible-breadth> , <fixed-breadth>)

<fixed-repeat> = 
repeat([<integer [1,∞]>] , [<line-names>?<fixed-size>]+<line-names>?)

<auto-repeat> = 
repeat([auto-fill|auto-fit] , [<line-names>?<fixed-size>]+<line-names>?)

<name-repeat> = 
repeat([<integer [1,∞]>|auto-fill] , <line-names>+)

<fixed-breadth> = 
<length-percentage [0,∞]>

Examples

Defining a grid template

CSS

css

#page { display: grid; width: 100%; height: 200px; grid-template: [header-left] "head head" 30px [header-right] [main-left] "nav main" 1fr [main-right] [footer-left] "nav foot" 30px [footer-right] / 120px 1fr; } header { background-color: lime; grid-area: head; } nav { background-color: lightblue; grid-area: nav; } main { background-color: yellow; grid-area: main; } footer { background-color: red; grid-area: foot; }

HTML

html

<div id="page"> <header>Header</header> <nav>Navigation</nav> <main>Main area</main> <footer>Footer</footer> </div>

Result

Specifications

Specification
CSS Grid Layout Module Level 2 # explicit-grid-shorthand