I have complete my minesweeper game using Tkinter and would like to know ways to improve. I also have a question for extra features: does anybody know a way to have a opening start, like google minesweeper does where it breaks open a bunch of squares? Here is my code, accepting all comments:
Please criticize, readability comments and performance comments accepted
import tkinter as tk import random import sys import applescript import tkinter.messagebox as messagebox def printArr(): for row in arr: print(" ".join(str(cell) for cell in row)) print("") def createBoard(length, width): global arr arr = [[0 for row in range(length)] for column in range(width)] def placeMine(x, y): ydim, xdim = len(arr), len(arr[0]) arr[y][x] = 'X' if (x != (xdim - 1)): if arr[y][x+1] != 'X': arr[y][x+1] += 1 # center right if (x != 0): if arr[y][x-1] != 'X': arr[y][x-1] += 1 # center left if (x != 0) and (y != 0): if arr[y-1][x-1] != 'X': arr[y-1][x-1] += 1 # top left if (y != 0) and (x != (xdim - 1)): if arr[y-1][x+1] != 'X': arr[y-1][x+1] += 1 # top right if (y != 0): if arr[y-1][x] != 'X': arr[y-1][x] += 1 # top center if (x != (xdim - 1)) and (y != (ydim - 1)): if arr[y+1][x+1] != 'X': arr[y+1][x+1] += 1 # bottom right if (x != 0) and (y != (ydim - 1)): if arr[y+1][x-1] != 'X': arr[y+1][x-1] += 1 # bottom left if (y != (ydim - 1)): if arr[y+1][x] != 'X': arr[y+1][x] += 1 # bottom center def createMap(mines, x, y): global arr createBoard(y, x) xlist = list(range(0, x)) ylist = list(range(0, y)) choiceslist = [] for xchoice in xlist: for ychoice in ylist: choiceslist.append((xchoice, ychoice)) if mines >= len(choiceslist): print('bro thats too many mines') sys.exit() for _ in range(mines): choice = random.choice(choiceslist) choiceslist.remove(choice) placeMine(choice[1], choice[0]) def subtractFlags(): current_amount = flags.get() current_amount = current_amount.replace(('\u2691' + ' '), '') flags.set(f'\u2691 {int(current_amount) - 1}') def addFlags(): current_amount = flags.get() current_amount = current_amount.replace(('\u2691' + ' '), '') flags.set(f'\u2691 {int(current_amount) + 1}') def lclick(event): global cellsopened colorcodes = {1 : 'blue', 2 : 'green', 3 : 'red', 4 : 'purple', 5 : 'maroon', 6 : 'teal', 7 : 'black', 8 : 'white', 0 : 'gray'} widget = event.widget info = widget.grid_info() row, col = info['row'], info['column'] current = widget.cget('text') arritem = arr[row][col] if current != ' ': return if arritem == 'X': gameOver(False) else: widget.configure(text = str(arritem), fg = colorcodes[arritem]) cellsopened += 1 window.after(69, checkWon) def rclick(event): global widget widget = event.widget info = widget.grid_info() row, col = info['row'], info['column'] current = widget.cget('text') if current == ' ': widget.configure(text = '\u2691', fg = 'red') subtractFlags() elif current == '\u2691': widget.configure(text = ' ') addFlags() def addGameButtons(): global zeros zeros = 0 cols = dimensions[1] rows = dimensions[0] mines = 99 for row in range(rows): for col in range(cols): button = tk.Label(game, width = 1, text = ' ', bg = 'light gray') if arr[row][col] == 0: zeros += 1 button.config(text = '0', fg = 'gray') button.grid(column = col, row = row, padx = 2, pady = 2) button.bind("<Button-1>", lclick) button.bind('<Button-2>', rclick) def timerUpdate(): current = timer.get() current = current.replace('⏱ ', '') timer.set(f'⏱ {round(eval(current) + 1)}') if won == False: window.after(1000, timerUpdate) def gameOver(won): if won == False: ans = messagebox.askyesno(message = 'You lost!\n\nDo you wish to play again?') else: current = timer.get() time = current.replace('⏱ ', '') ans = messagebox.askyesno(message = f'You won in {time} seconds!\n\nDo you wish to play again?') if ans == True: restart() else: window.destroy() sys.exit() def checkWon(): global won if cellsopened == (dimensions[0] * dimensions[1]) - mines - zeros: won = True gameOver(True) def chooseDifficulty(): dialog_text = 'set theDialogText to "Please select a difficulty:"\ndisplay dialog theDialogText buttons {"Easy (9x9, 10 mines)", "Medium (13x15, 40 mines)", "Expert (30x16, 99 mines)"} default button "Expert (30x16, 99 mines)"' out = applescript.run(dialog_text) returned = (out.out).replace('button returned:', '') if returned == 'Expert (30x16, 99 mines)': dimensions = (30, 16) mines = 99 elif returned == 'Medium (13x15, 40 mines)': dimensions = (13, 15) mines = 40 elif returned == 'Easy (9x9, 10 mines)': dimensions = (9, 9) mines = 10 outres = {'dimensions' : dimensions, 'mines' : mines} return outres def main(): global window, game, flags, flagcounter, infobar, timer, cellsopened, mines, dimensions, won won = False cellsopened = 0 #========== CON0FIG SECTION ========== mines = 99 dimensions = (16, 30) #========== CONFIG SECTION ========== #============================== difchoice = chooseDifficulty() mines = difchoice['mines'] dimensions = difchoice['dimensions'] #============================== createMap(mines = mines, x = dimensions[0], y = dimensions[1]) window = tk.Tk() #center(window) #window.eval('tk::PlaceWindow . middle') window.config(bg = 'gray') window.title('Minesweeper') window.resizable(False, False) infobar = tk.Frame(bg = 'red') infobar.pack(side = 'top') game = tk.Frame() game.pack(side = 'bottom') flags = tk.StringVar() flags.set('\u2691' + f' {mines}') timer = tk.StringVar() timer.set('⏱' + ' 0') timecounter = tk.Label(infobar, bg = 'gray', textvariable = timer, width = 5) timecounter.propagate(False) timecounter.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = 'w') flagcounter = tk.Label(infobar, bg = 'gray', textvariable = flags) flagcounter.grid(row = 0, column = 1, sticky = 'e') addGameButtons() window.after(10, timerUpdate) window.mainloop() def restart(): global window, game, flags, flagcounter, infobar, timer, cellsopened, mines, dimensions, won window.destroy() del window, game, flags, flagcounter, infobar, timer, cellsopened, mines, dimensions, won main() if __name__ == '__main__': main() 
