India can probably not do more, given they have a population the size of China and 25% of China's CO2 emissions. Frankly the only way to keep CO2 emissions down is to have people in the 3rd world stay in the stone age, otherwise you'd see a rise of CO2 per capita. I know a lot of people don't to talk CO2 per capita because for the planet only the absolute matters, but it does mean something from a quality of life perspective.
What's interesting as well is the same argument for these 36 companies applies to China. 36 companies are the "source" of emissions because they get our fuel out of the ground. They don't use all of it, they're in the business of producing fossil fuel, and therefore it's not surprising they're "the source". I would love to see a split between what China uses internally, and how much of it is due to their industries that eventually export to the western world. My personal hypothesis is if we reallocated the CO2 from goods destined for export, China wouldn't look as bad (they would have increased emissions regardless since 2000, again given population and quality of life changes, they just may not be as bad).
But hey we're apparently bringing production back baby! Maybe in 10 years we'll see a dramatic difference, with emissions in the US rising quickly and China's dropping.