Ili Turki language

Ili Turki
Ili Turki
İlı turkeşi; И̇лı туркес̧и; ي̇لي تۋركەسي
Native to	Xinjiang, China; Kazakhstan
Ethnicity	Ili Turks
Native speakers	30 families (2007, China); moribund in Kazakhstan
Language family	Turkic Common Turkic Karluk Ili Turki; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	ili
Glottolog	ilit1241
ELP	Ili Turki
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Ili Turki is an endangered^[2]Turkic language spoken primarily in China, of the Karluk branch of Turkic. In 2007, it was reported that there were around 30 families using it in China. Speakers are shifting to Kazakh or Uyghur.

Geographic distribution

Ili Turki is spoken in China's Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture along the Ili River and its tributaries and in Yining. There may be some speakers in Kazakhstan. Ili Turki has no official status in either country.

Classification

Ili Turki appears to belong to the Karluk group of Turkic languages, although it exhibits a number of features that suggest a Kipchak substratum.^[3]^[4]

A comparison of Ili Turki's Karluk and Kipchak features is shown below:

Kipchak & Chagatay features in Ili Turki
	Kazakh (Kipchak)	Ili Turki	Uzbek (Karluk)	English
*G > w after low vowels	taw	taw	tɒɣ	mountain
Genitive assimilation	tyje+niŋ / et+tiŋ	tʉjæ+nin / et+tin	tʉjæ+niŋ / et+niŋ	of the camel / of the meat
*G > w > Ø after high vowels	sarɨ	sarɨq	sarɨq	yellow
Loss of geminate consonants	seɡiz	sekkiz	sækkiz	eight

Phonology

Consonants

Consonants of Ili Turki
		Bilabial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Nasal		m	n		ŋ
Plosive	voiceless	p	t	tʃ	k	q
Plosive	voiced	b	d	dʒ	ɡ
Fricative	voiceless		s	ʃ		χ	h
Fricative	voiced		z			ʁ
Tap			ɾ
Approximant			l	j	w

Vowels

Vowels of Ili Turki
	Front	Central/Back
	Front	unrounded	rounded
Close	i	ɨ	ʉ
Mid	e		ɵ
Open	æ	ɑ

Vocabulary

No.	Ili Turki
1	bir
2	ekki
3	ʉtʃ
4	tɵrt
5	beʃ
6	altə
7	jetti
8	sekkiz
9	tɵqqʉz
10	ɵn

References

^Ili Turki at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
^Moseley, Christopher, ed. (2007). Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages. London: Routledge.
^Zhào, Xiāngrú; Hahn, Reinhard F. (1989). "The Ili Turk People and Their Language". Central Asiatic Journal. 33 (3/4): 261–285. JSTOR 41927706.
^Hahn, Reinhard F. (1991). "An Annotated Sample of Ili Turki". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. 45 (1): 31–53. JSTOR 23658071.

External links

[e25-1] Ili Turki at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)

[2] Moseley, Christopher, ed. (2007). Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages. London: Routledge.

[3] Zhào, Xiāngrú; Hahn, Reinhard F. (1989). "The Ili Turk People and Their Language". Central Asiatic Journal. 33 (3/4): 261–285. JSTOR 41927706.

[4] Hahn, Reinhard F. (1991). "An Annotated Sample of Ili Turki". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. 45 (1): 31–53. JSTOR 23658071.

[1]