الأنواع الأساسية
انظر هنا لرؤية الأنواع الأخرى التي تدعمها لغة مكتبات C++.
محتويات |
[تعديل]النوع المنطقي boolean :
النوع - bool : يعيد قيمتين لاغير هما إما true or false أي صح أو خطأ
[تعديل]النوع الحرفي Character :
- signedchar - نوع حرفي يتأثر بالإشارة
- unsignedchar - نوع حرفي لايتأثر بالأشارة فقط الأعداد الموجبة
- char - هذا النوع يمثل النوع الحرفي الأساسية يمكنه التعامل مع الحروف بأكثر فعالية أي (يكافئ الإثنين معا signedchar or unsignedchar).
- wchar_t - type for wide character representation
- char16_t - type for UTF-16 character representation (since C++11)
- char32_t - type for UTF-32 character representation (since C++11)
[تعديل] النوع العددي Integer :
- int - basic integer type. Can be omitted if any of the modifiers are present. If no length modifiers are present, guaranteed to have width of at least 16 bits. However, on 32/64 bit systems it is almost exclusively guaranteed to have width of at least 32 bits (see below).
[تعديل]التعديلات :
يمكنك تعديل الانواع العددية فيمكنك جعلها لاتقبل إلا الأعداد الموجبة أو السالبة .
Signedness
- signed - target type will have signed representation (this is the default if omitted)
- unsigned - target type will have unsigned representation
Size
- short - target type will be optimized for space and will have width of at least 16 bits.
- long - target type will have width of at least 32 bits.
- longlong - target type will have width of at least 64 bits (since C++11)
[تعديل]الخصائص :
The following table summarizes all available integer types and their properties:
| Type specifier | Equivalent type | Width in bits by data model | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C++ standard | LP32 | ILP32 | LLP64 | LP64 | ||
short | shortint | at least 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 |
shortint | ||||||
signedshort | ||||||
signedshortint | ||||||
unsignedshort | unsignedshortint | |||||
unsignedshortint | ||||||
int | int | at least 16 | 16 | 32 | 32 | 32 |
signed | ||||||
signedint | ||||||
unsigned | unsignedint | |||||
unsignedint | ||||||
long | longint | at least 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 64 |
longint | ||||||
signedlong | ||||||
signedlongint | ||||||
unsignedlong | unsignedlongint | |||||
unsignedlongint | ||||||
longlong | longlongint (C++11) | at least 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 |
longlongint | ||||||
signedlonglong | ||||||
signedlonglongint | ||||||
unsignedlonglong | unsignedlonglongint (C++11) | |||||
unsignedlonglongint | ||||||
Note: the C++ Standard guarantees that 1== sizeof(char)<= sizeof(short)<= sizeof(int)<= sizeof(long)<= sizeof(longlong).
[تعديل]Data models
32 bit systems:
- LP32:
- Win16 API
- ILP32;
- Win32 API
- Unix and Unix-like systems (Linux, Mac OS X)
64 bit systems:
- LLP64
- Win64 API
- LP64
- Unix and Unix-like systems (Linux, Mac OS X)
[تعديل]Floating point types
- float - single precision floating point type. Usually IEEE-754 32 bit floating point type
- double - double precision floating point type. Usually IEEE-754 64 bit floating point type
- longdouble - extended precision floating point type. Does not necessarily map to types mandated by IEEE-754. Usually 80-bit x87 floating point type on x86 and x86-64 architectures.
[تعديل]المدى المسحموح به للقيم :
The following table provides a reference for limits of common numeric representations. Note, that all popular data models (including all of ILP32, LP32, LP64, LLP64) use two's complement arithmetic. Also, the C++ Standard does not specify which arithmetic would be used, thus it guarantees only the limits of one's complement arithmetic.
| Type | Size in bits | Format | Value range | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Approximate | Exact | |||
| character | 8 | signed (one's complement) | -127 to 127 | |
| signed (two's complement) | -128 to 127 | |||
| unsigned | 0 to 255 | |||
| integral | 16 | signed (one's complement) | ± 3.27 · 104 | -32767 to 32767 |
| signed (two's complement) | -32768 to 32767 | |||
| unsigned | 0 to 6.55 · 104 | 0 to 65535 | ||
| 32 | signed (one's complement) | ± 2.14 · 109 | -2,147,483,647 to 2,147,483,647 | |
| signed (two's complement) | -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647 | |||
| unsigned | 0 to 4.29 · 109 | 0 to 4,294,967,295 | ||
| 64 | signed (one's complement) | ± 9.22 · 1018 | -9,223,372,036,854,775,807 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 | |
| signed (two's complement) | -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 | |||
| unsigned | 0 to 1.84 · 1019 | 0 to 18,446,744,073,709,551,615 | ||
| floating point | 32 | IEEE-754 | ± 3.4 · 10± 38 (~7 digits) |
|
| 64 | IEEE-754 | ± 1.7 · 10± 308 (~15 digits) |
| |
[تعديل]الكلمات المحجوزة
قالب:منطفي, قالب:صح, قالب:خطأ, قالب:حرفي, قالب:حرفي موجب, char16_t, char32_t, قالب:عددي, قالب:قصير, قالب:طويل, قالب:إشارة, قالب:بدون إشارة, قالب:عشري, قالب:حقيقي
