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#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:5
msgid"Appendix"
msgstr"附录"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:11
msgid"Interactive Mode"
msgstr"交互模式"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:13
msgid""
"There are two variants of the interactive :term:`REPL`. The classic basic "
"interpreter is supported on all platforms with minimal line control "
"capabilities."
msgstr"交互式 :term:`REPL` 有两个变种版本。 经典的基本解释器在所有平台上受到支持，具有最小化的行控制功能。"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:17
msgid""
"On Windows, or Unix-like systems with :mod:`curses` support, a new "
"interactive shell is used by default. This one supports color, multiline "
"editing, history browsing, and paste mode. To disable color, see "
":ref:`using-on-controlling-color` for details. Function keys provide some "
"additional functionality. :kbd:`F1` enters the interactive help browser "
":mod:`pydoc`. :kbd:`F2` allows for browsing command-line history with "
"neither output nor the :term:`>>>` and :term:`...` prompts. :kbd:`F3` enters"
" \"paste mode\", which makes pasting larger blocks of code easier. Press "
":kbd:`F3` to return to the regular prompt."
msgstr""
"在 Windows 上，或在具有 :mod:`curses` 支持的类 Unix 系统上，默认会使用一个新的交互式 shell。 "
"它支持彩色、多行编辑、历史浏览和粘贴模式。 要禁用彩色，请参阅 :ref:`using-on-controlling-color` 了解详情。 "
"功能键将提供一些附加功能。 :kbd:`F1` 是进入交互式帮助浏览器 :mod:`pydoc`。 :kbd:`F2` 允许浏览不带输出也不带 "
":term:`>>>` 和 :term:`...` 提示符的命令行历史。 :kbd:`F3` 是进入“粘贴模式”，这可以更方便地粘贴大段代码。 按 "
":kbd:`F3` 将返回常规提示符。"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:28
msgid""
"When using the new interactive shell, exit the shell by typing :kbd:`exit` "
"or :kbd:`quit`. Adding call parentheses after those commands is not "
"required."
msgstr""
"当使用新的交互式 shell 时，可通过键入 :kbd:`exit` 或 :kbd:`quit` 退出 shell。 "
"不再需要在这些命令之后添加代表调用的圆括号。"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:32
msgid""
"If the new interactive shell is not desired, it can be disabled via the "
":envvar:`PYTHON_BASIC_REPL` environment variable."
msgstr"如果不想要新的交互式 shell，可以通过 :envvar:`PYTHON_BASIC_REPL` 环境变量禁用它。"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:38
msgid"Error Handling"
msgstr"错误处理"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:40
msgid""
"When an error occurs, the interpreter prints an error message and a stack "
"trace. In interactive mode, it then returns to the primary prompt; when "
"input came from a file, it exits with a nonzero exit status after printing "
"the stack trace. (Exceptions handled by an :keyword:`except` clause in a "
":keyword:`try` statement are not errors in this context.) Some errors are "
"unconditionally fatal and cause an exit with a nonzero exit status; this "
"applies to internal inconsistencies and some cases of running out of memory."
" All error messages are written to the standard error stream; normal output"
" from executed commands is written to standard output."
msgstr""
"当发生错误时，解释器会打印错误消息和栈回溯。 "
"在交互模式下，将返回到主提示符；当输入是来自文件的时候，它将在打印栈回溯之后退出并附带一个非零的退出状态码。 （由 :keyword:`try` 语句中"
" :keyword:`except` 子句所处理的异常在此上下文中不属于错误。） "
"有些错误属于无条件致命错误，会导致程序附带非零状态码退出；这适用于内部一致性丧失以及某些内存耗尽的情况等。 "
"所有错误消息都将被写入到标准错误流；来自被执行命令的正常输出测会被写入到标准输出。"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:50
msgid""
"Typing the interrupt character (usually :kbd:`Control-C` or :kbd:`Delete`) "
"to the primary or secondary prompt cancels the input and returns to the "
"primary prompt. [#]_ Typing an interrupt while a command is executing raises"
" the :exc:`KeyboardInterrupt` exception, which may be handled by a "
":keyword:`try` statement."
msgstr""
"将中断字符（通常为 :kbd:`Control-C` 或 :kbd:`Delete` ）键入主要或辅助提示符会取消输入并返回主提示符。 [#]_ "
"在执行命令时键入中断引发的 :exc:`KeyboardInterrupt` 异常，可以由 :keyword:`try` 语句处理。"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:60
msgid"Executable Python Scripts"
msgstr"可执行的Python脚本"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:62
msgid""
"On BSD'ish Unix systems, Python scripts can be made directly executable, "
"like shell scripts, by putting the line ::"
msgstr"在 BSD 等类Unix系统上，Python 脚本可以像 shell 脚本一样直接执行，通过在第一行添加："

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:65
msgid"#!/usr/bin/env python3"
msgstr"#!/usr/bin/env python3"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:67
msgid""
"(assuming that the interpreter is on the user's :envvar:`PATH`) at the "
"beginning of the script and giving the file an executable mode. The ``#!`` "
"must be the first two characters of the file. On some platforms, this first"
" line must end with a Unix-style line ending (``'\\n'``), not a Windows "
"(``'\\r\\n'``) line ending. Note that the hash, or pound, character, "
"``'#'``, is used to start a comment in Python."
msgstr""
"（假设解释器位于用户的 :envvar:`PATH` ）脚本的开头，并将文件设置为可执行。 ``#!`` "
"必须是文件的前两个字符。在某些平台上，第一行必须以Unix样式的行结尾（``'\\n'``）结束，而不是以Windows（``'\\r\\n'``）行结尾。注意，“散列字符”，或者说“磅字符”，"
" ``'#'`` ，在Python中代表注释开始。"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:74
msgid""
"The script can be given an executable mode, or permission, using the "
":program:`chmod` command."
msgstr"可以使用 :program:`chmod` 命令为脚本提供可执行模式或权限。"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:77
msgid"$ chmod +x myscript.py"
msgstr"$ chmod +x myscript.py"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:81
msgid""
"On Windows systems, there is no notion of an \"executable mode\". The "
"Python installer automatically associates ``.py`` files with ``python.exe`` "
"so that a double-click on a Python file will run it as a script. The "
"extension can also be ``.pyw``, in that case, the console window that "
"normally appears is suppressed."
msgstr""
"在Windows系统上，没有“可执行模式”的概念。 Python安装程序自动将 ``.py`` 文件与 ``python.exe`` "
"相关联，这样双击Python文件就会将其作为脚本运行。扩展也可以是 ``.pyw`` ，在这种情况下，会隐藏通常出现的控制台窗口。"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:91
msgid"The Interactive Startup File"
msgstr"交互式启动文件"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:93
msgid""
"When you use Python interactively, it is frequently handy to have some "
"standard commands executed every time the interpreter is started. You can "
"do this by setting an environment variable named :envvar:`PYTHONSTARTUP` to "
"the name of a file containing your start-up commands. This is similar to "
"the :file:`.profile` feature of the Unix shells."
msgstr""
"当您以交互模式使用 Python 时，您可能会希望在每次启动解释器时，解释器先执行几条您预先编写的命令，然后您再以交互模式继续使用。您可以通过将名为 "
":envvar:`PYTHONSTARTUP` 的环境变量设置为包含启动命令的文件的文件名来实现。这类似于 Unix shell 的 "
":file:`.profile` 功能。"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:99
msgid""
"This file is only read in interactive sessions, not when Python reads "
"commands from a script, and not when :file:`/dev/tty` is given as the "
"explicit source of commands (which otherwise behaves like an interactive "
"session). It is executed in the same namespace where interactive commands "
"are executed, so that objects that it defines or imports can be used without"
" qualification in the interactive session. You can also change the prompts "
"``sys.ps1`` and ``sys.ps2`` in this file."
msgstr""
"Python 只有在交互模式时，才会读取此文件，而非在从脚本读指令或是将 :file:`/dev/tty` 显式作为被运行的 Python "
"脚本的文件名时（后者反而表现得像一个交互式会话）。这个文件与交互式指令共享相同的命名空间，所以它定义或导入的对象可以在交互式会话中直接使用。您也可以在该文件中更改提示符"
" ``sys.ps1`` 和 ``sys.ps2``。"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:107
msgid""
"If you want to read an additional start-up file from the current directory, "
"you can program this in the global start-up file using code like ``if "
"os.path.isfile('.pythonrc.py'): exec(open('.pythonrc.py').read())``. If you "
"want to use the startup file in a script, you must do this explicitly in the"
" script::"
msgstr""
"如果您想 *从当前目录中* 读取一个额外的启动文件，您可以在上文所说的全局启动文件中编写像 ``if "
"os.path.isfile('.pythonrc.py'): exec(open('.pythonrc.py').read())`` "
"这样的代码。如果要在脚本中使用启动文件，则必须在脚本中显式执行此操作："

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:113
msgid""
"import os\n"
"filename = os.environ.get('PYTHONSTARTUP')\n"
"if filename and os.path.isfile(filename):\n"
" with open(filename) as fobj:\n"
" startup_file = fobj.read()\n"
" exec(startup_file)"
msgstr""
"import os\n"
"filename = os.environ.get('PYTHONSTARTUP')\n"
"if filename and os.path.isfile(filename):\n"
" with open(filename) as fobj:\n"
" startup_file = fobj.read()\n"
" exec(startup_file)"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:124
msgid"The Customization Modules"
msgstr"定制模块"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:126
msgid""
"Python provides two hooks to let you customize it: :index:`sitecustomize` "
"and :index:`usercustomize`. To see how it works, you need first to find the"
" location of your user site-packages directory. Start Python and run this "
"code::"
msgstr""
"Python 提供了两个钩子供你进行自定义: :index:`sitecustomize` 和 :index:`usercustomize`。 "
"要了解它是如何工作的，首先需要找到用户 site-packages 目录的位置。 启动 Python 并运行以下代码::"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:130
msgid""
">>> import site\n"
">>> site.getusersitepackages()\n"
"'/home/user/.local/lib/python3.x/site-packages'"
msgstr""
">>> import site\n"
">>> site.getusersitepackages()\n"
"'/home/user/.local/lib/python3.x/site-packages'"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:134
msgid""
"Now you can create a file named :file:`usercustomize.py` in that directory "
"and put anything you want in it. It will affect every invocation of Python,"
" unless it is started with the :option:`-s` option to disable the automatic "
"import."
msgstr""
"现在，您可以在该目录中创建一个名为 :file:`usercustomize.py` "
"的文件，并将所需内容放入其中。它会影响Python的每次启动，除非它以 :option:`-s` 选项启动，以禁用自动导入。"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:138
msgid""
":index:`sitecustomize` works in the same way, but is typically created by an"
" administrator of the computer in the global site-packages directory, and is"
" imported before :index:`usercustomize`. See the documentation of the "
":mod:`site` module for more details."
msgstr""
":index:`sitecustomize` 的工作方式相同，但通常由计算机管理员在全局 site-packages 目录中创建，并在 "
":index:`usercustomize` 之前导入。 更多细节请参阅 :mod:`site` 模块的文档。"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:145
msgid"Footnotes"
msgstr"备注"

#:../../tutorial/appendix.rst:146
msgid"A problem with the GNU Readline package may prevent this."
msgstr"GNU Readline 包的问题可能会阻止这种情况。"