| description | title | ms.date | f1_keywords | helpviewer_keywords | ms.assetid | ||
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Learn more about: struct (C++) | struct (C++) | 11/04/2016 |
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| 3c6ba273-e248-4ff1-8c69-d2abcf1263c6 |
The struct keyword defines a structure type and/or a variable of a structure type.
[template-spec] struct [ms-decl-spec] [tag [: base-list ]] { member-list } [declarators]; [struct] tag declarators; template-spec
Optional template specifications. For more information, refer to Template Specifications.
struct
The struct keyword.
ms-decl-spec
Optional storage-class specification. For more information, refer to the __declspec keyword.
tag
The type name given to the structure. The tag becomes a reserved word within the scope of the structure. The tag is optional. If omitted, an anonymous structure is defined. For more information, see Anonymous Class Types.
base-list
Optional list of classes or structures this structure will derive its members from. See Base Classes for more information. Each base class or structure name can be preceded by an access specifier (public, private, protected) and the virtual keyword. See the member-access table in Controlling Access to Class Members for more information.
member-list
List of structure members. Refer to Class Member Overview for more information. The only difference here is that struct is used in place of class.
declarators
Declarator list specifying the names of the structure. Declarator lists declare one or more instances of the structure type. Declarators may include initializer lists if all data members of the structure are public. Initializer lists are common in structures because data members are public by default. See Overview of Declarators for more information.
A structure type is a user-defined composite type. It is composed of fields or members that can have different types.
In C++, a structure is the same as a class except that its members are public by default.
For information on managed classes and structs in C++/CLI, see Classes and Structs.
In C, you must explicitly use the struct keyword to declare a structure. In C++, you do not need to use the struct keyword after the type has been defined.
You have the option of declaring variables when the structure type is defined by placing one or more comma-separated variable names between the closing brace and the semicolon.
Structure variables can be initialized. The initialization for each variable must be enclosed in braces.
For related information, see class, union, and enum.
#include<iostream>usingnamespacestd;structPERSON { // Declare PERSON struct typeint age; // Declare member typeslong ss; float weight; char name[25]; } family_member; // Define object of type PERSONstructCELL { // Declare CELL bit fieldunsignedshort character : 8; // 00000000 ????????unsignedshort foreground : 3; // 00000??? 00000000unsignedshort intensity : 1; // 0000?000 00000000unsignedshort background : 3; // 0???0000 00000000unsignedshort blink : 1; // ?0000000 00000000 } screen[25][80]; // Array of bit fieldsintmain() { structPERSON sister; // C style structure declaration PERSON brother; // C++ style structure declaration sister.age = 13; // assign values to members brother.age = 7; cout << "sister.age = " << sister.age << '\n'; cout << "brother.age = " << brother.age << '\n'; CELL my_cell; my_cell.character = 1; cout << "my_cell.character = " << my_cell.character; } // Output:// sister.age = 13// brother.age = 7// my_cell.character = 1